getopt

Description

Parses options passed to the script.

Parameters

short_options

Each character in this string will be used as option characters and matched against options passed to the script starting with a single hyphen (-).

For example, an option string "x" recognizes an option -x.

Only a-z, A-Z and 0-9 are allowed.

long_options

An array of options. Each element in this array will be used as option strings and matched against options passed to the script starting with two hyphens (--).

For example, an longopts element "opt" recognizes an option --opt.

rest_index

If the rest_index parameter is present, then the index where argument parsing stopped will be written to this variable.

The short_options parameter may contain the following elements:

• Individual characters (do not accept values)
• Characters followed by a colon (parameter requires value)
• Characters followed by two colons (optional value)

Option values are the first argument after the string. If a value is required, it does not matter whether the value has leading white space or not. See note.

The long_options array values may contain:

• String (parameter does not accept any value)
• String followed by a colon (parameter requires value)
• String followed by two colons (optional value)

Return Values

This function will return an array of option / argument pairs, Falseforfailure.

Changelog

Examples

getopt() example: The basics

<?php
// Script example.php
$options = getopt("f:hp:");
var_dump($options);
?>

shell> php example.php -fvalue -h

The above example will output:

array(2) {
  ["f"]=>
  string(5) "value"
  ["h"]=>
  bool(false)
}

getopt() example: Introducing long options

<?php
// Script example.php
$shortopts  = "";
$shortopts .= "f:";  // Required value
$shortopts .= "v::"; // Optional value
$shortopts .= "abc"; // These options do not accept values

$longopts  = array(
    "required:",     // Required value
    "optional::",    // Optional value
    "option",        // No value
    "opt",           // No value
);
$options = getopt($shortopts, $longopts);
var_dump($options);
?>

shell> php example.php -f "value for f" -v -a --required value --optional="optional value" --option

The above example will output:

array(6) {
  ["f"]=>
  string(11) "value for f"
  ["v"]=>
  bool(false)
  ["a"]=>
  bool(false)
  ["required"]=>
  string(5) "value"
  ["optional"]=>
  string(14) "optional value"
  ["option"]=>
  bool(false)
}

getopt() example: Passing multiple options as one

<?php
// Script example.php
$options = getopt("abc");
var_dump($options);
?>

shell> php example.php -aaac

The above example will output:

array(2) {
  ["a"]=>
  array(3) {
    [0]=>
    bool(false)
    [1]=>
    bool(false)
    [2]=>
    bool(false)
  }
  ["c"]=>
  bool(false)
}

getopt() example: Using rest_index

<?php
// Script example.php
$rest_index = null;
$opts = getopt('a:b:', [], $rest_index);
$pos_args = array_slice($argv, $rest_index);
var_dump($pos_args);

shell> php example.php -a 1 -b 2 -- test

The above example will output:

array(1) {
  [0]=>
  string(4) "test"
}

See Also

• $argv