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bcpowmod

PHP function Edit on GitHub ✎

(PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

Raise an arbitrary precision number to another, reduced by a specified modulus

Description

bcpowmod(string $num, string $exponent, string $modulus, int|null $scale = null): string

Use the fast-exponentiation method to raise num to the power exponent with respect to the modulus modulus.

Parameters

num

The base, as an integral string (i.e. the scale has to be zero).

exponent

The exponent, as an non-negative, integral string (i.e. the scale has to be zero).

modulus

The modulus, as an integral string (i.e. the scale has to be zero).

Return Values

Returns the result as a string.

Errors/Exceptions

This function throws a ValueError in the following cases:

  • num, exponent or modulus is not a well-formed BCMath numeric string
  • num, exponent or modulus has a fractional part
  • exponent is a negative value
  • scale is outside the valid range

This function throws a DivisionByZeroError exception if modulus is 0.

Changelog

VersionDescription
8.0.0scale is now nullable.
8.0.0Now throws a ValueError instead of returning false if exponent is a negative value.
8.0.0Dividing by 0 now throws a DivisionByZeroError exception instead of returning false.

Examples

The following two statements are functionally identical. The bcpowmod() version however, executes in less time and can accept larger parameters.

php
<?php
$a = bcpowmod($x, $y, $mod);

$b = bcmod(bcpow($x, $y), $mod);

// $a and $b are equal to each other.

?>

Notes

Note

Because this method uses the modulus operation, numbers which are not positive integers may give unexpected results.

See Also

Source: reference/bc/functions/bcpowmod.xml · from the official PHP manual (php/doc-en)